A web-based edition of early seventeenth-century political poetry from manuscript sources. It brings into the public domain over 350 poems, many of which have never before been published.
Notes. This ambitious poem combines a number of themes, ranging from attacks on popular perceptions of the Duke, to an unusually heightened depiction of the immense scope of Buckingham’s power as a favourite. The verse concludes with a forceful evocation of Buckingham’s virtue, courtesy and bravery, and an appreciation of his physical and spiritual beauty.
Might Teares Revive thee I could wish to be
Dissolvd & melted like to Nyobe1
But just conceived Rage, & bitter woe
Drye up the brackish2 streames they cannot flowe.
And can it be amidst thy troupes3 one Arme
5Could plot such mischeife & enact such harme?
Maye such a massacre be wrought & He
Not Thunderstrooke by th omnipotencie
Where was Joves Lightining4 when this deede was done
how chance his Arme shrunck not, grew deade & num?
10Ah powerfull God forgive wee ought not prye
Into thy hidden secret Mistery
Wee cannot knowe the suns transparent beames
By his own face but by his guilding streames
Too glorious soe Gods Judgments are, & showne
15In their effects, by which his pleasure’s knowne,
World-famed Cesar5 fetching his Renowne
Far from those parts where scarce proud Rome was knowne
Heaping up wealth & Glory to the state
By publique hands was slaine, & publique Fate
20Greatenes howere acheivd doth drawe along
Envy & malice from the stupid throng
The Knyges6 People whoe beloe doe vew
Things done above doe alwaies judge untrue
Treason to them if’t be put home & done
25Is cald faire Justice, when the Righteous doome7
If it fall shorte they terme it Policy
And a waie to Roote out true Nobilitie
Under this last fell this same Lord with them
That hate noe facts but as they hate the men
30But wiser saye that truly judge these times
It was the peoples Scandall not his Crimes
In this confusion did the Kings choyce hand
Set him above his foes, gave him command
And power by which he got the day
35of the inconstant multitude, for they
Began to find now virtues in the Man
The Honord Greate and matchles Buckingham
Where was the man amongst us did not then
Call him both Greate and Good, I & condemne
40Their censures by thy Judgment when thy eye
Alone could chuse such worthe & dignity
Whoe was held wise that did not seeke to hold
A place from him, all Fathers that were old
Thought it Inheritance enough to give
45Their children if he knew them, for to live
For thou hadst raisd him to that Eminency
That but thy selfe none was soe greate & high
Ah dreaded Lord did ever one day see
Any in woe and Glory like to thee
50Evn as Apollo8 in his burning throne
Thow shinst at morne for men to gaze upon
The daies & Howers on each hand did attend
Expecting when thou wouldst employment send
The seasons did awaite thee, Heate and Cold
55Autumne and Spring yeares Months daies manifold
All seemd at thy direction, Nobles bow
The Gentry are ambitious but to knowe
What is thy pleasure And the yeomen stand
More ready to obey then thou comand
60Thy howse did seeme a Temple thither flye
The People all to know their desteny
Nor doth the Marygold with more devotion
Attend the sun then did the coarte thy motion
And can such distance be twixt Life and Death
65And doth all Pompe forsake as with our breath
Shall wee bring back noe more unto the Tombe
Then what wee brought from our poore Mothers wombe
doe all our spangles9 leave us at the grave
And shall wee have noe more then vassalls10 have?
70And doe the wormes smell out noe difference
Betwixt Perfumes high prise & meerely sence
how dare they venture on an Honord skin
Mighty and Lorded: Noble all within
Ah vaine conceipts the king can have noe more
75Of Birth and Death then Beggers at the dore
Nor God nor Nature doth respect a Person
For State or wealth but for Religion
Naie our best freinds like Bees refuse that flower
Which death hath but usurpt one litle hower
80Thy mighty Pallace had not roome for steps
That did attend thee, nor soe many becks11
Hadst thou as they had waies to put them to
And could one stroke these glories all undoe
Thow seemst another Atlas12 of our State
85The World upon thy able shoulders sate
One hand held Spaine, another hand held France13
Doubtfull to which thy Army should advance
In expectation did both Kingdomes stand
On which should fall thy fatall firebrand
90Ships were prepard for sword, & ships for fire
And hardy men to act thy high desire
For without boast wee may averre for soothe14
England hath men whose valor’s canon proofe
Our Kingdomes Body did crye out for warre
95And art thow then condemned to prepare
Wee have noe walls but seas nor forts for Rest
But whats conteyned in a valiant brest
Better then meete a Foe, then staie at home
And enterteine th’Enemy with our owne
100Whoe warres abroad doth on advantage playe
But they that fight at home, have but one daye
Nor are our actions judgd by the event
They best deserve that doe the best attempt
It lyes not in our power to make the end
105God only doth in that our arts commend
In peace He was all Grace & Curtesy
Noble and full of magnanimity
Whether his hat or sword did more imply
his able hand deserves a History15
110As full of valor as of curteous parts
Th one conquering, th other sealing harts
What durst he not unlesse fowle injuries
As farre from them as farre from cowardise
Warre tooke not from him Mildnes, nor soft peace
115A virtuous & couragious Haughtines
Stout harted Ajax16 and the wise Ulisses17
In this full man might have enjoyd their wishes
Nor was the Grecians sacrifise drawne on
With greater showts & approbation
120When they let out their walls to let that in
old Priamus himselfe encouraging18
Then this greate Duke when to the feild he came
As if he were their Life their Fate their flame
That thow hadst outside more then common men
125I shall not neede to trouble much my Pen
To set it downe, each eye will find a tounge
To blase abroad thy knowne Perfection,
To me, me thought thow didst appeare as one
Whome nature made for men to gaze upon
130That shee must fix their eyes to boast hir Arte
Symetry and Beauty framing every parte,
And yet I had not time to note each linn19
Soe I desird to knowe what was within
But then as I have seene a cabinet
135Soe rich with pearles, with sparckling Jems soe set
That other Jewell I expected none
When sodainely unto my eyes there shone
A Jewell soe exceeding rare and bright
That all unwares it tooke away my sight
140Which seemd all flame all fire as if each stone
Were a full sun at height in his horrison
Soe did thy Inward virtues take away
All thought of that same gawdy flesh & claye
compared with thy sowle thy bodies frame
145did then like brasse & rust upon the same
nor could I avoe20 my selfe to make retorne
To leave that sight for which we now all mourne
But all these praises are but like sweete meate
Which at a deere freinds funerall wee doe eate21
150Memorialls of our losses, therefore reape
My sadder muse, & lett him rest in peace.
Source. PRO SP 16/114/69
Piii16
1 Nyobe: after her fourteen children had been slaughtered by the gods Apollo and Diana, the grieving Niobe was metamorphosed into a rock that shed tears. <back>
2 brackish: darkened, muddied. <back>
3 amidst thy troupes: Felton was a lieutenant in the expeditionary force that went under Buckingham’s command to the Ile de Ré in 1627. <back>
4 Joves Lightining: Jove, king of the gods, used the lightning bolt as a weapon. Here the poet is wondering why Felton’s deed was not immediately followed by divine judgement on the criminal. <back>
5 World-famed Cesar: i.e. Julius Caesar, assassinated in 44 BC. <back>
6 Knyges: scribal error; read “Kynges”. <back>
9 spangles: literally, the glittering metallic strips decorating costumes; figuratively, the earthly pomp and splendour nullified by death. <back>
10 vassalls: used here in a general sense to connote inferiors, the low-born. <back>
12 Atlas: in classical mythology, Atlas held up the heavens. <back>
13 One hand held Spaine...France: at the time of Buckingham’s death, England was at war with both Spain and France. <back>
14 soothe: i.e. sooth; truth. <back>
15 Whether his hat...deserves a History: this couplet establishes a theme that is then extended over the next few lines, that Buckingham was an exemplar both of courtesy—here symbolized by his mastery of the range of coded gestures for the removal and replacement of the hat—and of skill in battle—here symbolized by his swordsmanship. <back>
16 Stout harted Ajax: Ajax was a Greek hero in the Trojan War, brave (“Stout harted”) but not wise. <back>
17 wise Ulisses: Greek hero of the Trojan War, Ulysses (or Odysseus), known for his cunning. <back>
18 Nor was the Grecians...himselfe encouraging: allusion to the fateful moment when the Trojans brought the wooden horse—ostensibly left as a religious sacrifice by the Greeks—into their city. “Priamus” is King Priam of Troy. The poet is probably thinking of the cheering and singing described in Virgil’s Aeneid, book 2. <back>
19 linn: probably a poetic contraction of “lineament” (a portion of the body). <back>
21 sweete meate...wee doe eate: dinners were a traditional accompaniment of funerals. <back>